A Binary Inertia-Weighted Robust Cluster Head Selection And Greedy Routing Framework For Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

Mr. Pradeepa S. C.; Dr. Ushadevi M. B.; Dr. Shwetha H R.; Dr. Sharath S. M.; Dr. Mohan Naik R.

doi:10.29284/7jv1t459

Authors

Mr. Pradeepa S. C. Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE), JNN College of Engineering, Navule, Shivamoga – 577204, Karnataka, India
Dr. Ushadevi M. B. Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Shivamoga – 577204, Karnataka, India
Dr. Shwetha H R. Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE), JNN College of Engineering, Navule, Shivamoga – 577204, Karnataka, India
Dr. Sharath S. M. Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE), JNN College of Engineering, Navule, Shivamoga – 577204, Karnataka, India
Dr. Mohan Naik R. Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE), S.D.M. Institute of Technology, Ujire – 574240, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29284/7jv1t459

Keywords:

Base Station, Cluster Head Selection, Greedy Routing, Improved Hiking Optimization Algorithm, Wireless Sensor Networks..

Abstract

At present, energy-efficient and scalable communication remains a key challenge in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Most existing clustering-based routing protocols either optimise Cluster Head (CH) selection or route establishment in isolation, often neglecting adaptability, load balancing, and efficient data transmission. Furthermore, various techniques lack integrated optimization frameworks and fail to generalize under various conditions. To overcome these challenges, an optimal energy-aware framework is proposed, which is known as Binary Inertia-based Robust Cluster Head selection, through an Improved Hiking Optimization Algorithm with Greedy Routing (BIRCH-IHOA-GR). This proposed framework introduces an improved Hiking Optimization Algorithm (HOA) by integrating binary encoding and inertia-weighted updates with HOA for efficient selection of spatially distributed CHs. Moreover, a customized greedy routing strategy is employed to transmit data from CHs to the Base Station (BS) using a multi-hop communication method with minimal energy and balanced traffic load. Furthermore, proposed BIRCH-IHOA-GR achieves notable reductions in communication overhead, while enhancing overall network lifetime, and improves strong robustness in large-scale WSN deployments. Finally, simulations determine that the proposed BIRCH-IHOA-GR framework outperforms traditional protocols in terms of network stability, energy consumption and adaptability under diverse operating conditions..

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