A Terahertz Operating Noval Antenna Absorber For Breast Cancer Detection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29284/wn7zcb73Keywords:
Terahertz antenna; Metamaterial absorber; Breast cancer detection; Split-ring resonator; Graphene tunability; Biomedical imaging; Non-invasive diagnostics.Abstract
The paper introduces a new design of terahertz (THz) antenna that can be used both as a metamaterial absorber in detecting non-invasive breast cancer and as a antenna used with a radio. The proposed antenna incorporates an absorber layer made up of split-ring resonator (SRR)-based absorber layer directly into a modified rectangular patch of microstrip antenna, thus allowing simultaneous transmission of signals and the confinement of electromagnetic energy at the tumor site. The design is made to operate in the frequency range of 0.5-1.5 THz where the malignant tissues in the breast are known to have higher dielectric properties in comparison to those of the normal breast tissues. The antenna uses a gold radiating patch on low-loss Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate, with a graphene-based SRR array of absorbers, which offers dynamically tuned frequency capability via electrostatic gating. CST Microwave Studio simulations of full-wave electromagnetic demonstrate a peak absorption coefficient of greater than 98% at 1.0 THz, a broad 10-dB band of 120 GHz (0.94-1.06 THz) and a radiation efficiency of 85%. This design has a detection sensitivity of 93% to differentiate between malignant and healthy breast tissue with specific absorption rate (SAR) enhancement of 40% at the tumor boundary. The antenna is able to detect small tumors (diameter < 1 mm) using the frequency shifts and change in the magnitude of absorption, which is optimized by a parametric study to maximize absorption and impedance matching. The proposed antenna has a better absorption bandwidth, polarization insensitivity and smaller size (0.3λ 0 0 × 0.3λ 0 0 ) than the existing designs, which makes it ideal in wearable or handheld diagnostic devices. Tunability of graphene makes it possible to optimize frequencies individually, responding to individual differences in the density of breast tissue. This dual-functional antenna-absorber structure is a major step toward real-world, high-sensitivity THz imaging systems to detect and screen breast cancer in its early stages, and with the potential of theranostic applications to detect and treat adjoint breast cancer.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
