Optimal Performance Analysis Of Lime Kiln Process Using Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG)/Loop Transfer Recovery (LTR) Controllers

Maheep Pal; Dr Ajay Kumar; Dr Rajesh Kumar; Hitanshu Katiyar; Dr. Siddharth Ghansela

doi:10.29284/pna3hc81

Authors

Maheep Pal Research Scholar, Specialization: MTech in Electronics and communication engineering, Electronics and communication engineering Govind Ballbh Pant institute of technology, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, India, Pin code :248140, Orcid ID- 0009-0009-0903-9538
Dr Ajay Kumar Assistant professor, Specialization: Antenna, Electronics and communication engineering department GBPIET, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, India, Pin code :248140
Dr Rajesh Kumar Professor, Specialization: Control system, Electronics and communication engineering department GBPIET, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, India, Pin code :248140
Hitanshu Katiyar Assistant Professor, Specialization: DSP, Electronics & Communication Engineering WIT, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, India, Pin code :248140
Dr. Siddharth Ghansela Assistant Professor, Specialization: Electronics and communication, MCA Department, GB Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology, Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, India, Pin code :248140

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29284/pna3hc81

Keywords:

Lime Kiln, LQG Control, Loop Transfer Recovery (LTR), Kalman Filter, Robust Control, Multivariable Systems, Process Optimization, Pulp and Paper Industry

Abstract

The lime kiln is at the heart of chemical recovery in the pulp and paper sector; stable heat management there is vital for producing high-quality lime while making wise use of energy. Yet, because the kiln operation is nonlinear, multivariable, and often battered by external disturbances, classic PID controllers struggle to maintain the desired performance. To tackle these difficulties, this work applies a robust Linear Quadratic Gaussian controller tweaked with Loop Transfer Recovery, aiming for tighter, more predictable control of the kiln. By blending optimal state feedback with real-time state estimation, the new setup safeguards against lingering uncertainties and modelling errors. A state-space model is built via system identification, using the front-end and back-end temperatures as key outputs for judging control quality. Tests run in MATLAB/Simulink show that the LQG-LTR scheme beats traditional PID by responding faster, rejecting disturbances better, and delivering smoother performance across the frequency spectrum. The findings convincingly show that the LQG/LTR control framework manages complex industrial processes well, providing a dependable route for automating lime kilns and reducing their energy use.

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